Question

Fully explain the differences between the following, using examples: a. Trade-offs and Opportunity Cost b. Normative and Positive Economics c. Consumer Goods and Capital Goods d. Resource Markets and Product Markets e. Free Market, Mixed and Centrally-Planned Economies Page

Answer 1

Answer: See explanation

Explanation:

a. . Trade-offs and Opportunity Cost.

A trade-off occurs when an increase in a particular thing brings about a reduction in another thing. It involves reducing a particular resource in order to increase another resource.

Opportunity cost is the loss on a potential gain when one chooses something else.

b. Normative and Positive Economics

Normative economics is when the focus of a particular economy is about fairness and what should be right. It is based on the judgement of individuals or their opinions.

Positive statement is a statement that's backed by facts. It is a statement that's said to be true.

c. Consumer Goods and Capital Goods

Consumer goods are the goods that are consumed by individuals in order to satisfy their current wants.

Capital goods are the goods that are used to produce other goods. They are not wanted for immediate consumption but rather used for production process.

d. Resource Markets and Product Markets

A resource market is referred to as a market where a particular business can buy the resources that it need for its production process.

A product market is the market where goods are traded. In such market, one can buy goods like cars, fans, etc

e. Free Market, Mixed and Centrally-Planned

Free market is a market whereby the individuals and the firms are the one controlling the resources in such market. Prices are determined in such market based on the interaction that occurs between the demand and supply. There's minimal intervention from the government in such market.

Command economy can also be called a planned economy and it is the economy whereby the allocation off goods and the services for that economy is down by the government.

Mixed economy is an economy whereby all the economic agents like the individual, the firms and government all play a role in the production and also the distribution of goods and services.