Decomposers break down dead material
Answer:
For b. 11*3x = 33x
For c. (3x-4)(11x-2) = 
Explanation:
For b. Since it is a rectangular the A = l*w
w = 11 & l = 3x => A = 11*3x = 33x
For c. Since it is a square we could assume that the A =
a side squared (since they all have the same length) but to be on the safe side, we'll assume it is not a square and do the math of multiplying one side by another (just like for a rectangle)
Side up = 3x + (-4) = 3x-4
Side left = 11x + (-2) = 11x-2
Side up * Side left = (3x-4)(11x-2) = 
The correct answer is - cyanobacteria.
The atmospheric oxygen came from the cyanobacteria. These were one of the earliest living organisms on Earth. The cyanobacteria was using photosynthesis in order to create its own food. The photosynthesis process requires sunlight, carbon dioxide, water, and oxygen. The oxygen is mostly released as a waste product from the process of photosynthesis, thus the cyanobacteria were literally releasing oxygen that was ending up into the atmosphere. As more and more cyanobacteria there were across the planet, more and more oxygen they were releasing into the atmosphere, slowly changing the composition of the atmosphere, and setting the basis of it as we know it now.
Hot spot volcanism is the hot mass of rising heat!