This is a hyperbole, which is an exaggerated statement.
<span>The irony is written in the Phrase 3 given in the question.
Irony is a discrepancy or an incongruence between what is anticipated and to what it actually is. There are three types of irony. One would be verbal irony which, as the name suggests, revolves around speaking or what is said. The other two would be dramatic irony and situation irony. Dramatic irony is usually used in plays, dramas, and the like that involves the audience's awareness. Situation irony would be more involved with what's happening around.</span>
Based on Montaigne's opinion, all empires, countries, state, regions and territories that are not Greek is simply called barbarians. Any man can be called<span> barbarism if the person is doing something that is not in his own practice or from other's group culture, practices and beliefs.</span>
