When embargo failed to remedy the situation and Great Britain refused to rescind the Orders in Council (1807) and France continued its decrees, certain Democratic-Republicans known as war hawks felt compelled to go to war. Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun pushed a declaration of war through Congress, stressing a short war had the added benefit of permitting the United States to grab valuable farmlands in the British colony of Canada. Vehement protests erupted in those parts of the country where the opposition Federalist political party held sway, especially in Connecticut and Massachusetts. The governors of these two states as well as Rhode Island refused to place their state militias under federal control for duty outside their respective states. In the elections that followed in a few months, some members of Congress who voted for war, paid the price. Eight New England congressmen were rejected by the voters, and several others saw the writing on the wall and declined to seek reelection. There was a complete turnover of the New Hampshire delegation.
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Forty years ago this week, the U.S. Supreme Court handed down a landmark decision known as In Re Gault. It established the constitutional right to legal counsel for children facing delinquency proceedings.
Robert Livingston and James Monroe were the pair of men responsible for the purchasing of Louisiana.
In 1801, Thomas Jefferson sent Livingston (then secretary of foreign affairs) to France, with the goal of purchasing approximately 827,000 square miles of land of the Mississippi River and the port of New Orleans.
Due to his reputation as an honest man as well as a great negotiator, Monroe was appointed by Thomas Jefferson to help Livingston in the negotiations with France that would lead the acquisition of Louisiana to the United States.
To grow all this food, the Aztecs used two main farming methods: the chinampas and terracing. ... Aztec farmers built up the soil until it was above the surface of the lake. They planted fast-growing willow trees at the corners of the plots to attach the chinampa to the bottom of the lake by the trees' roots.