Impinge = strike (the rain fell hard on the ground)
Hope this helps!
Answer: So basically Academic writing is a clear, concise, focussed, structured and backed up writing by evidence. It has a formal tone and style, but it is not complex and does not require the use of long sentences and complicated vocabulary. Some features are complexity, formality, precision, objectivity, explicitness, accuracy, hedging, responsibility, organization and planning. Hope this helps.
The tone or pitch of the voice ; the modulation of the voice.
Answer-
I think i dont know the answer but i will try
