In the excerpt, the word "pungent" refers to the pickles' aroma.
Pungent is a word to describe a very strong smell, very sharp and biting. So when Untermeyer used the word pungent to refer to the pickles, he was talking about their aroma, which is a fancy way to say smell.
caliban plots to kill prosperos so that stephano can rule the island
Scary stories can teach morals. As what Grandpa Jim said, he meant that only dumb people commit crimes to my understanding.
When Scout met Dill she said she was "Goin on seven" and that Jem was "4 years my senior" meaning that Jem was 10 & Scout was 6. Yes it is important to keep Scout's age in mind throughout the novel, because you can be more open-minded to how she is and the way she acts.