The westward expansion came together with the development of technologies that created modern work environment that we see today. This require a lot of people to be self-capable to survive in such working environment.
This situation really reflect the iconic American ideal of self-reliant individuals that we see in our society today.
The answer is B pretty sure
The correct answer here is A.
John Jacob Astor was born in 1763 to father who was a butcher so he was not very wealthy. He amassed his fortune by trading fur through that business he became one of the most wealthy people in the United States. Astor traded sandalwood, teas and of course fur with China which turned out very profitable for him.