D. Chunking
Chunking is a term referring to the process of taking individual pieces of information (chunks) and grouping them into larger units. By grouping each piece into a large whole, you can improve the amount of information you can remember. Probably the most common example of chunking occurs in phone numbers.
Answer:
A) total cost = (200 labor hours x $20) + (500 units of raw materials x $8) + $4,000 cost of capital = $12,000
average total cost per unit = $12,000 / 2,000 units = $6 per unit
B) new total cost = (100 labor hours x $20) + (500 units of raw materials x $8) + $4,000 cost of capital = $2,000 + $4,000 + $4,000 = $10,000
average total cost per unit = $10,000 / 3,000 units = $3.33 per unit
C) When process innovation occurs, total productivity and efficiency increase, decreasing the average cost per unit. In this case the total cos decrease, but even if total costs do not decrease, higher efficiency and productivity can be achieved by production more units at the same total costs. Process innovations, usually related to new technologies, are responsible for the greatest increases in productivity and efficiency which result in higher economic output and growth.
Answer:
- Lena has a ORDINARY GAIN of $1,500 from the sale of the first equipment.
- Lena has a ORDINARY LOSS of $2,700 from the sale of the second equipment.
Explanation:
Lena sold the first equipment for $17,000, and that resulted in an ordinary gain = $17,000 - $15,500 = $1,500. This gain was due to a §1245 depreciation recapture.
Lena sold the second equipment for $5,500, and that resulted in an ordinary loss (§1231 loss) = $5,500 - $8,200 = $2,700.