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you want us to answer ALL those questions , cause that's alot lol but its okay if so .....
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Viruses are tinier than bacteria. In fact, the largest virus is smaller than the smallest bacterium. All viruses have is a protein coat and a core of genetic material, either RNA or DNA. Unlike bacteria, viruses can't survive without a host.
So life itself is an emergent, complex state, but it is made from the same fundamental, physical building blocks that constitute a virus. Approached from this perspective, viruses, though not fully alive, may be thought of as being more than inert matter: they verge on life.
Explanation:
Complex organisms need cells that can perform many different functions. they need to be supported on a cellular level. Without specialized cells you they won't be able to perform different functions.
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two versions of a gene are carried in a single normal cell called alleles
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2.2.1 O is the enzyme and N is the ligand.
2.2.2 In the figure, the enzyme shows lytic activity by generating two products like digestive enzymes.
2.2.3 Enzymes are indispensable for signal transduction and cell regulation, often via kinases and phosphatases. They also generate movement, with myosin hydrolyzing ATP to generate muscle contraction.