It was one of the many effects of World War II.
Explanation:
Pakistan and India used to be combined and called India. In 1858 England colonized India and it remained a colony until 1947. When World War II ended England was devastated by the impacts of the war. Cities had been destroyed, there were shortages of goods and labor to rebuild the country, and the war was very costly for them. They decided to decolonize because parts of their empire were to costly for them, and because the did't want to oppress other nations. Though because of the strong controversy over religion in India, that decided to divide the country in to Pakistan and India. Still to this day the state religion of Pakistan is Islam, and India is still a secular country.
The United States contained communism by propping up allies in countries, defeating communist candidates, and ensuring that communism was not allowed to take root in countries.
The Roman population grew quickly, thanks to surplus production of grains, olives and other crops. The extra population later helped Rome's military expansion by providing a large supply of troops. The surplus also helped Rome to establish trade ties with other Mediterranean powers, enhancing the city's economic might.
Foreign trade benefited and China cities became centers of trade. There was more political stability. There was more focus on education. And there were more achievements in the arts and sciences.
