The correct answer is - C. Upwelling causes nutrients, minerals, and tiny organisms to rise.
The upwelling is a process that appears in the water bodies around the globe. This process is essentially representing the rising of the cold waters towards the surface where there's warmer climate, thus warmer water as well.
With the rise of the cold waters towards the surface, all of the things with it rise as well. The cold waters are rich in nutrients and minerals, as well as tiny organisms, such as the phytoplanktons. This is a process that is very important for the existence of the ecosystems in the larger water bodies, as most of things that are the producers in the food chain are coming towards the consumers, so the food chain can exist properly.
The Grand Canyon is constantly being slowly eroded by the rive that flows within it, and scientist have found evidence that suggest it was cut within the last 4 million years.
Both the lithosphere and mantle are part of Earth and are made of similar material. Lithosphere is made up of Earth's outermost layer, the crust, and the uppermost portion of the mantle.
