Answer:
Algal blooms occur when algae multiply very quickly. Blooms can form in waters that are rich in the nutrients the algae need to grow, such as nitrogen, phosphorous, and iron. ... Blooms may become more frequent as the earth warms and the levels of nutrients in our waters increase.
Explanation:
<h2>It is interesting to note that CO2 is still believed to be the No 1 greenhouse gas instead of water vapour. Many excellent climate scientist (e.g. Richard Lindzen, Roy Spencer, John Christy, etc) have dealt with the issue and shown both in books and research articles that CO2 is a very minor player governing global climate.</h2><h2>So what drives climate?</h2><h2>The answer must obviously be found in the hydrological cycle, where the oceans play a major role together with extraterrestrial process with the Sun having the ultimate role. We know that solar energy (insolation) does not vary sufficiently to explain the climatic excursion our planet has experienced on a short and long term. It is sufficient to consider the Little Ice Age and the Medieval Warm Period, not mentioning the past ice ages, to understand that there are many complicated factors to consider before we can explain climate variability.</h2><h2>Solar activity is naturally a major player but this does not mean only total solar insolation (TSI) but also solar magnetic activity. Also the gravitational influence of the entire solar system must be taken in account, not forgetting our own natural satellite, the Moon, influencing at least ocean tides. Very interesting views on climate variability and cosmic activity have been presented by Henrik Svensmark.</h2><h2>A very simplistic example how the water cycle could adjust climate is the following mental construct: The Sun warms the ocean surface increasing evaporation. Increase in water vapour content decreases the density of the air, which thus rises to higher altitudes where eventually adiabatic cooling reaches a level where water vapour starts to condense. The availability of condensation nuclei, possibly enhanced by high energy cosmic radiation especially during low level solar magnetic activity, leads to strong cloud formation. This eventually limits solar warming of the ocean surface and decreases evaporation with less cloud formation. This entire cycle can be compared to a very effective thermostat, by some aptly termed the water thermostat responsible for keeping global temperatures at a suitable level depending on local conditions</h2>
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Addition or deletion of nucleotides in any number besides 3 results in a "frame-shift mutation."
This is because every 3 nucleotides of DNA/mRNA exons codes for a single amino acid in the synthesis of a protein. This triplet codon theory means that if 3 nucleotides are added or deleted then an amino acid will be added or lost, but subsequent codons and amino acids will still be read correctly.
However, if any number of nucleotides other than 3 are added or removed, then the codons following the mutation will be out of "sync," in terms of the reading order.
Hence it is called a frame-shift mutation because it shift the reading frame when translating nucleic acids into proteins. Frame shifts will lead to the wrong amino acids being adding in the wrong order for the rest of the code after the mutation.
<span>Lakes and ponds are inland bodies of standing or slowly moving water. Although lakes and ponds cover only 2 percent of the world's land surface, they contain most of the world's fresh water. Individual lakes and ponds range in area from a few square meters to thousands of square kilometers. In general, ponds are smaller than lakes, though regional idiosyncrasies of naming abound—Henry David Thoreau's famous Walden Pond in Massachusetts has a surface area of 64 acres. Lakes and ponds are an important source of fresh water for human consumption and are inhabited by a diverse suite of organisms.</span>
