Since the countries were becoming industrialized, they needed more and more resources. Since they couldn't have them in their own countries, they had to conquer others. That's why they would make colonies and spread their empires. That way they could take coal or oil or lumber or similar things from the colony and use it for their own purposes. Usually, they would leave nothing to the colony.
I believe it's D hope this helps
B. Australia.
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The health benefits of Italian diet can be attributed to their natural foods. Vegetables can be attributed to healthy Italian diet, vegetables are arguably the foundation of the Italian diet.
This is all because of how they ate before, they brought this tradition of eat more vegetables than meat.
C. To force negotiations with the Muslims. The pope wanted to reclaim the land from the Muslims.