The claim of cause and effect is one in which questions pertaining to what, why, how, and the effects of a certain position are evaluated and answered. These questions are answered in the excerpt above. The question about what will happen is found in the statement that uninformed people will cast ballots.
The reason (or why) this will happen is because of mandatory voting. The effect of mandatory voting is the motivation of voters who have not become involved before to educate themselves on why they should vote.
