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The correct answer is explained below:</h2>
Explanation:
- According to the given question,
- For eye color, let the black color be represented by B allele and orange color be represented by b allele. Black is dominant over orange.
- For skin color, let the green skin be represented by G allele and white skin be represented by g allele. Green is dominant over white.
- The phenotype of Sam is black eyes and green skin so his genotype can be BBGG or BbGg. It is also said that one of his parents has phenotype orange eyes and white skin. That parent's genotype must be bbgg.
- Hence, the genotype of Sam must be BbGg.
- Carole has the phenotype of orange eyes and white skin. Her genotype would bbgg.
- The gametes produced by Sam are: BG, Bg, bG, bg.
- The gametes produced by Carole are: bg.
- Mating them we get,
BG Bg bG bg
bg BbGg Bbgg bbGg bbgg
(Black/ Green) (Black/ White) (Orange/Green) (Orange/ White)
- The genotypes and phenotypes (Eye color/ Skin color) obtained are represented above.
- The phenotypes (Eye color/ Skin color) obtained are in the following ratio:
(Black/ Green) : (Black/ White) : (Orange/Green) : (Orange/ White) = 1 : 1 : 1 : 1
Layer D is the youngest layer
Answer:
For example, delays in mitosis are often ascribed to 'activation' of the mitotic checkpoint, a descriptor that fails to recognize that the checkpoint by definition is active as the cell starts mitosis. Conversely, the completion of mitosis in the presence of misaligned chromosomes is often automatically interpreted to indicate a defective checkpoint, even though in the absence of critical testing alternative interpretations are equally likely. In this article, we define the critical characteristics of checkpoints and illustrate how confusion generated by the inconsistent use of terminology may impede progress by fostering claims that mean very different things to different researchers. We will illustrate our points with examples from the checkpoint that controls progression through mitosis
Explanation:
