The Mississippi Plan
Mississippi was the first state to enact laws preventing blacks from voting. Through literacy tests and poll taxes, blacks were prevented from voting because of cost and the inability to read. This system eventually evolved to include gerrymandering the districts to exclude blacks and primaries for whites only.
The policy of Mississippi spread to other southern states within twenty years. Each state used their own methods but the goal was all the same: prevent blacks from voting and/or holding government office. These laws continued in the US until the 1960's when the national government outlawed the practices.
The first piece of evidence is the most effective and the fourth paragraph is the least effective
That would be c I believe
He was the first of the two Gurus martyred in the sikh faith and made the first edition of the Sikh scriptures and he was killed after refusing to remove all hindu and islamic references from the holy book he wrote