Try taking a clearer picture or just type question 13c because i don't know what it is.
Answer:
because it begins where there is no soil. It can take several hundred to several thousand years to produce fertile soil naturally. The first pioneer species to colonize the bare rock will probably be bacteria and lichens, which can live without the soil.
It is a completely false statement that big spenders are also known as low yield tourists, because they typically expect air conditioned hotels with English speaking staff and imported food from their home country. The correct option among all the options that are given in the question is the second option.