Answer:
Why did Europeans want to explore other lands?
They wanted to explore other lands because European nations were interested in finding new lands to trade with, or to establish new colonies from where to extract resources.
How did Portugal gain an advantage in trading in comparison to other European nations?
Because it had a favorable geographic position, in the southwestern most point of the European peninsula, facing the Atlantic Ocean. Portuguese explorers were the first to navigate around Africa, Asia, and to establish their own colonial trade ports in these continents.
How did Russia's expansion differ from that of other European nations?
Russia had very little access to the Atlantic Ocean, so it instead expanded eastward, conquering and colonizing Siberia. It also expanded northwards, establishing small cities in the Artic coast.
Assuming you're referring to the Revolutionary War, the main way in which the Americans paid for these supplies was by borrowing money from the French, which caused an issue of debt after the war ended.
I don't know where I know when it is at least before 900 bc
The Federalist Papers were a series of eighty-five essays urging the citizens of New York to ratify the new United States Constitution. Written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay, the essays originally appeared anonymously in New York newspapers in 1787 and 1788 under the pen name "Publius."