D)all of the above
<span>Homeostasis is the property of a system, either open or closed, that regulates its internal environment and tends to maintain a stable, constant condition within an organism. (Eg controlling amount of sugar in the bloodstream, keeping waste levels at acceptable levels.) </span>
<span>Opening and closing stomata controls the gas levels within the plant. </span>
<span>Converting excess sugar molecules to a lesser number of starch molecules regulates sugar levels. </span>
<span>Excreting waste through the cell membrane prevents waste build-up.</span>
A child would be born with birth defects
Thomas Malthus was economist who proposed that human populations grow faster than the resources they depend on which becomes limiting factor for them, causing the increase of populations but also increase of famine and diseases. As a consequence, the weakest members die. Darwin linked this with the “survival of the fittest" (naturals elections favors the best suited for reproduction and survival).
Georges Cuvier was anti-evolutionist and religious man, but he did have influence on Darwin theory of evolution (natural selection). He was against linear system of classification so, his believes that there is more than one lineage for species helped Darwin shaped his theory.
Charles Lyell geologists who believed that geologic processes that were at the beginning of time were the same ones that were happening at the current time (processes work the same way through time). He explained that slow changes built up over time, so Darwin linked that with the way that life on Earth changes. (small adaptations that accumulated over long periods of time change a species).
Answer: The correct answer is -
D) giraffes having increasingly longer necks over time.
Natural selection is an evolutionary mechanism that was proposed by Darwin.
According to this mechanism, organisms that are better capable of adapting to their changing environmental conditions, survive and increase their number through reproduction whereas other are eliminated from the population.
Example - Long neck of Giraffe, which is much elongated, lofty stature, that was beautifully adapted for browsing on the higher tree branches. This was an adaptation with slow and gradual change in the gene frequency as the lower vegetation was eaten by other animals. Due to this, giraffes had to search for other source (that was higher tree branches).
This is considered as a peculiar example of natural selection.
