The discovery of America, the entire Americas, first by the Spanish in 1492, led by Cristopher Columbus, and later on by other European powers, like Portugal and England, brought several positive and negative consequences, but mostly, the clash of two absolutely different worlds. Although the discovery and settling of these new lands, this new continent, brought many positive things to Europe, such as new crops, like potatoes, that saved European countries from famine at some points, to America, it also brought the introduction of diseases for which the American Indians from South and North America did not have the necessary immunities. The result was, the introduction to these native lands of illnesses such as smallpox, typhus, measles, and plague, among others, which caused the decimation of thousands of natives and widespread epidemics that had never been seen, or suffered before, in the continent. This is why the correct answer here is New diseases. The Europeans did not initially bring any crops, or seeds, with them, that is why they depended so much on the help the native tribes gave them to survive. Also, because Europeans were not seeking new lands to settle; they were looking just for a new trade route towards India, that is why America was first known as the West Indies.
The Communist Party took over China during the Chinese Civil war. As a result, the Nationalists of China fled to the island of Taiwan and the Communists established the People's Republic of China.
When the French lost the war in 1763 and surrendered their colonies in North America, the Abenaki had no European allies left to help them deal with British demands for their land.
