D, best explains the question.
A food chain follows one path of energy and materials between species. A food web is more complex and is a whole system of connected food chains. In a food web, organisms are placed into different trophic levels. ... Producers are the basic trophic level while top predators are the peak level.
Answer:
There are 22 numbered pairs of chromosomes called autosomes. The 23rd pair of chromosomes are the sex chromosomes. They determine an individual's sex. Females have two X chromosomes, and males have an X and a Y chromosome.
This is how you know if a karyotype is male or female?
Not really sure on that one but I can answer the question below called Define Osmosis. :)