By the late 17th and 18th centuries, the Renaissance application of reason to the natural and political world morphed into various strands known collectively as the Age of Enlightenment. Stanford’s Encyclopedia of Philosophy states that, for its practitioners, the Enlightenment was “not an historical period, but a process of social, psychological or spiritual development, unbound to time or place.” No one seems to agree exactly on what it was, and it cut a wide enough swath for some historians to blame it for slavery’s justification while others credit its emphasis on equality and justice as contributing to slavery’s abolition. Likewise, you could blame/credit Enlightenment science for both pollution and environmentalism to combat pollution. Enlightenment science ultimately brought us hydrogen bombs and the missiles to deliver them on. Yet Enlightenment philosopher Cesare Beccaria’s On Crimes and Punishments (1764) helped convince America’s Founding Fathers to add the Eighth Amendment to the Constitution, prohibiting cruel and unusual punishment. Critics began describing torture and the death penalty as “unenlightened.” The Enlightenment ushered in an age of questioning, searching, comparing, and analyzing society objectively that led, ultimately, to scrutinizing practices like slavery and torture, even if change came gradually. There was no big push against such practices prior to the Enlightenment. America’s founders are often criticized for failing to live up to the Enlightenment’s ideals, but that could only have been possible if the ideals existed in the first place. Is partially unfulfilled idealism worse than no idealism at all? Like the Renaissance and Dark Ages, the Enlightenment is one of those historical tags that lends itself to biased agenda-driven oversimplifications, highlighting some themes while concealing others. Yet, people who lived through it were aware they were in a new age.
Explanation:
<span>The earliest trade unions and people fighting for workers rights demanded fair wages for all workers. Early unions were also involved in many other things - they forced companies to be accountable to workplace safety. The eight hour workday was also proposed and fought for by labor unions.</span>
Answer:
Booker T. Washington (1856-1915) was born into slavery and rose to become a leading African American intellectual of the 19 century, founding Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute (Now Tuskegee University) in 1881 and the National Negro Business League two decades later.
1. Coronavirus is spreading like crazy and all these new variants make it lethal and highly transmittable
2. People are at high agitation over the current economical, political, and emotional state of the country
a. He returned it to the original land owners
In his Reconstruction Plan, President Johnson was focused on pardons including on the land owners that had participated in the Civil War. This is because his plan gave the white South a free hand in regulating the transition from slavery to freedom with the blacks being left out