After a quick check, I can confirm that all of the answers stated in the question are correct.
As per questions one and two, Oxygen is drawn from the air by the lungs, a part of the respiratory system. The pulmonary veins then carry the oxygenated blood to the heart (these are the only veins to carry oxygenated blood), which is then pumped throughout the body through arteries. The path followed by the oxygen is:
- Oxygen is drawn into the lungs
- The Pulmonary artery takes blood to the lungs
- Hematosis occurs, transferring the oxygen to the blood
- The pulmonary veins take the oxygenated blood to the heart
- The aorta artery and its ramifications distribute the oxygenated blood throughout the body
In order to increase the amount of oxygen in times of greater need such as when exercising, the heart rate (pulse) and breathing rate increase to provide more oxygen, when an artery is blocked such is the case with Atherosclerosis, blood flow is reduced. Questions 3 and 4 are correct.
Lastly, a person's small intestine is lined with highly specialized cells whose function is to absorb the nutrients from the food we ingest. Damage to this lining would cause this organ to not be able to obtain the vitamins and nutrients needed for the human body. All answers are correct.
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