Certain extensions of files. Sometimes, the name of the file could be something like Trojanx64.sys(I think). I had a few files of malware, but they were deleted. I believe the most common extension is .sys for viruses. Additionally, antivirus software could look into the properties of the program/process.
Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS) is a networking protocol that provides centralized authentication, authorization, and accounting management for users connected to a network service. It can be used to authenticate anyone on your network.
RADIUS is a protocol that uses TCP or UDP as a transport. The RADIUS client is used to communicate with the RADIUS server at the gateway of the network.
RADIUS uses two packet types to perform the entire AAA process; Access-Request, which handles authentication and authorization