1.The territorial changes of Germany include all changes in the borders and territory of Germany from its formation in 1871 to the present.
2.The Ottoman Empire was once a superpower, ruling the Middle East and much of northern Africa and eastern Europe. ... By the end of the 1800s, the empire was in decline, shrinking in size and subject to internal problems and instability.
3.The borders of many states were completely redrawn, and the new Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, later Yugoslavia, was created. Both Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire were formally dissolved. As a result, the balance of power, economic relations, and ethnic divisions were completely altered.
4.Nationalism in the Balkans For centuries, large empires controlled the Balkans. Leaders from the Ottoman Empire and Austria-Hungary held absolute power. They used military strength to keep these other ethnic groups under control.
5.Any true power or strength that the Ottomans had were not really from themselves but from those they conquered and weapons trade between the Ottomans and the farther east. The walls of Constantinople in 1453 were widely known to be the strongest and most fortified border in the world.
6.By prolonging hostilities further, however, Russia would have invited Austria to enter the war, causing considerable suspicion in Britain
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