<em>In all of American history, the Supreme court has concluded that fewer than </em><em>160</em><em> acts of congress have directly violated the constitution.</em>
<em>The actual number of direct violations is only 165.</em>
The Japanese plans for the battle of midway were to extend the defensive perimeter after the Doolittle Raid on Japan, and for a preparatory attack before taking Fiji and Samoa.
