Answer: Ultramares corporation v. Touche established Ultramares doctrine. Hochfelder v. Ernst & Ernst ruled that scienter is required before CPAs can be held liable.
Explanation:
All the options except the above are true. Ultramares corporation v. Touche did establish the Ultramares doctrine.
United States v. Natelli sentenced two CPAs to prison for a year, in addition to fines, for violating the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
Bily v. Arthur Young did not uphold the restatement doctrine. The restatement doctrine restatement doctrine makes an auditor liable to people who rely on the quality of his work be they his clients or third parties. Two high courts ruled that auditors are not liable to third parties who use their work but only to the party that contracted their work.
However, Hochfelder v. Ernst & Ernst ruled that an allegation of scienter (an intention to deceive) is not required before CPAs can be held liable as long as the actions constitute actual deception.
While rule 10b-5 of the Exchange Act states the presence of scienter as a requirement to commit an offense, the court ruled against the statute by eliminating the Scienter clause from criminal statute and ruled against Ernst & Ernst.
Answer
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Points
Answer:
The nile river is the largest river
Explanation:It is
Answer:
It must give Keith representation equal to what a union member would receive.
Explanation:
In the context, Keith believes that the supervisor is passing Keith unfairly and unethically in selecting the employees to earn an extra money for working overtime.
Keith is aware of this fact but he is helpless because he does not have an equal representation as he is not a union member of the electric utility.
Thus to help Keith raise the issue or file grievance, the union must provide Keith with equal representation as that of a union member have.
