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The Port Chicago disaster was a deadly munitions explosion that occurred on July 17, 1944, at the Port Chicago Naval Magazine in Port Chicago, California, United States. Munitions detonated while being loaded onto a cargo vessel bound for the Pacific Theater of Operations, killing 320 sailors and civilians and injuring 390 others. Approximately two-thirds of the dead and injured were enlisted African American sailors.
A month later, unsafe conditions inspired hundreds of servicemen to refuse to load munitions, an act known as the Port Chicago Mutiny. Fifty men—called the "Port Chicago 50"—were convicted of mutiny and sentenced to 15 years of prison and hard labor, as well as a dishonorable discharge. Forty-seven of the 50 were released in January 1946; the remaining three served additional months in prison.
During and after the trial, questions were raised about the fairness and legality of the court-martial proceedings. Owing to public pressure, the United States Navy reconvened the courts-martial board in 1945; the court affirmed the guilt of the convicted men.Widespread publicity surrounding the case turned it into a cause célèbre among Americans opposing discrimination targeting African Americans; it and other race-related Navy protests of 1944–45 led the Navy to change its practices and initiate the desegregation of its forces beginning in February 1946 and In 1994, the Port Chicago Naval Magazine National Memorial was dedicated to the lives lost in the disaster.
On June 11, 2019, a concurrent resolution sponsored by U.S. Representative Mark DeSaulnier was introduced in the 116th United States Congress. The resolution recognizes the victims of the explosion and officially exonerates the 50 men court-martialed by the Navy.
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If taken to extremes, nationalism can create a great deal of international instability and violence. Extreme nationalism can lead to a sense of superiority and even militarism and aggression towards others who are not part of the nation.
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Agreeing to a border along the 49th parallel.
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James K. Polk was a candidate from Tennessee that was not known to most Americans and he was the responsible for created the “fifty-four or fight” slogan. Despite of that, he was secretly willing to compromise and not go into war. And in June 1846 Britain proposed splitting Oregon at the 49th parallel, Polk agreed with that and war was avoided.
The historical figure that needs to be researched is Eugene Debs. Thus, the answer is letter C. He was the Socialist Party's candidate for president last 1920. He campaigned from a prison cell. The party worked hard for disarmament and prevention of war.
