C is the declarative sentence.
It is a Adjective Phrase :)
Answer:
A. Language should not change over time, but remain consistent for ease of communication information to others
Explanation:
This is the counterargument in the article. This is because, language which has been as old as man should not change overtime. For example, use of emoticons most times confuse an individual who is communicating with another person due to lack of understanding of those emoticons.