Here are my thoughts and responses as to what I come to know for these civilizations' achievements. I even checked my World History notes from last year...
1. Egyptians
2. Sumerians
3. Phoenicians
4. -This is debatable... We could argue early caveman or Sumerians made it, depends on what resource, textbook, or class material you are deriving this from. Maybe Hebrew because they developed Monotheism, belief in one deity.
5. Hittites
6. This is very difficult to elaborate on. Many civilizations had very strikingly similar achievements and reviewing my notes, I can't find anything to give an absolute civilization responsible for this. You'll have to guess.
7. Babylonian?
Sorry I couldn't help with #4, 6, and 7 that well. It's very difficult to answer.
Answer:
a notional barrier separating the former Soviet bloc and the West prior to the decline of communism that followed the political events in eastern Europe in 1989.
Explanation:the political, military, and ideological barrier erected by the Soviet Union after World War II to seal off itself and its dependent eastern and central European allies from open contact with the West and other noncommunist areas. The term Iron Curtain had been in occasional and varied use as a metaphor since the 19th century, but it came to prominence only after it was used by the former British prime minister Winston Churchill in a speech at Fulton, Missouri, U.S., on March 5, 1946, when he said of the communist states, “From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the Continent.”
The restrictions and the rigidity of the Iron Curtain were somewhat reduced in the years following Joseph Stalin’s death in 1953, although the construction of the Berlin Wall in 1961 restored them. During the Cold War the Iron Curtain extended to the airwaves. The attempts by the Central Intelligence Agency-funded Radio Free Europe (RFE) to provide listeners behind the Curtain with uncensored news were met with efforts by communist governments to jam RFE’s signal. The Iron Curtain largely ceased to exist in 1989–90 with the communists’ abandonment of one-party rule in eastern Europe
According to google translator apartheid is " (in South Africa) a policy or system of segregation or discrimination on grounds of race" so after all the National Party in South Africa got the power, all White government suddenly start forcing policies of racial segregation in the worst system apartheid, moreover, the system was discrimination against the Black society that was existed in South Africa between 1948 and 1994 . According to Wiki the "economic legacy and generational effects of apartheid continue to this day."It was like master and slave way of living, in which the master gets the most benefits and the slave works hard to get a small amount of wage or money to survive in hardship.
During the Age of Discovery (also known as the Age of Exploration), which took place from around the 15th Century until about the 18th Century, the following explorers took respective routes to observe the paired locations:
Christopher Columbus to the Americas
Corte Real to Newfoundland
Da Gama to India
Cabral to Brazil
Tasman to New Zealand
Magellan to Straits of Magellan
Janszoon to Australia
Balboa to the Pacific Ocean
James Cook to Hawaii and Antarctica
If the US had been poor in natural resources than it likely would not have been a major leader in the Industrial Revolution, and would have had to import many resources from South America and elsewhere.
