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Zielflug [23.3K]
3 years ago
10

Which step in the Gram stain is the critical step in differentiating Gram negative cells from Gram positive cells?

Biology
1 answer:
rewona [7]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

The rapid decolorization with ethanol or acetone

and counterstaining with safranin

When a decolorizer such as alcohol or acetone is added, it interacts with the lipids of the cell membrane. A gram-negative cell loses its outer lipopolysaccharide membrane, and the inner peptidoglycan layer is left exposed: when safranin is added they will turn red. Conversely, gram-positives retain the Cristal violet and will color in purple

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American scientist, Linus Pauling, was one of many scientists racing to discover the molecular structure of DNA. Pauling initial
Ann [662]

Answer:

Watson and Crick were able to develop a more accurate molecular structure because they had access to x-ray crystallography! Pauling didn't actually failed, he just did't have the same means!  

Explanation:

By the way, is now known that the real discovery of DNA molecule was made by Rosalind Franklin. Any doubts you can send me a message!

5 0
3 years ago
How are peptide bonds formed between amino acids in the elongation process of the translation of mRNA?
ValentinkaMS [17]

Answer:

amino acid meet up inside the ribosome. Once translation has begun, it continues down the line as mRNA shifts along through the ribosome. ... During elongation, amino acids are continually added to the line, forming a long chain bound together by peptide bonds

7 0
3 years ago
How do ETS reactions produce ATP?
Norma-Jean [14]

ATP synthesization -  Simple and complex lipids or carbohydrates are used to produce ATP through redox reactions. After the hydrolysis of complex carbohydrates, glucose and fructose are formed and the triglycerides are metabolized to form glycerol and fatty acids. ATP is then synthesized by oxidative phosphorylation and photophosphorylation during the energy production with in the living organisms. ATP production usually takes place in the mitochondria of the cell.  The important pathways by which ATP is generated are glycolysis, the citric acid cycle (or the Kreb’s cycle), and the electron transport chain (or the oxidative phosphorylation pathway).  In these three cycles of  cellular respiration  adenosine diphosphate (ADP) is converted  to ATP and energy is released  from molecules.

8 0
3 years ago
If an inhibitory synapse fires at the same time and at the same distance from the initial segment as an excitatory synapse of th
Sergio [31]

Answer:

If an inhibitory synapse fires at the same time and at the same distance from the initial segment as an excitatory synapse of the same intensity there will be no changes in the potential in the firing zone.

Explanation:

Under normal conditions, the transmembrane potential depends on the ionic charges present in the intracellular and extracellular spaces. The extracellular space load is usually positive and in the cytoplasm is negative.

  • <u>Depolarization</u> occurs by opening ion channels that allow sodium to enter the cell, making the intracellular space more positive.
  • An opening of potassium channels releases this ion to the extracellular space, leading to <u>hyperpolarization</u>.

An excitatory synapse is one capable of depolarizing a cell and boosting the production of action potential, provided it is capable of reaching the threshold of said potential.

On the other hand, an inhibitory synapse is able to hyperpolarize the cell membrane and prevent an action potential from originating, so that they can inhibit the action of an excitatory synapse.

The interaction between two synapses, one excitatory and one inhibitory, -called synapse summation- will depend on the strength that each of them possesses. In this case, the intensity of both synapses being the same, there will be no changes in the membrane potential in the firing zone.

Learn more:

Excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials brainly.com/question/3521553

6 0
3 years ago
Identify the substances that can readily pass through the inner mitochondrial membrane.
KIM [24]

Answer:

A,C E

Explanation:

The inner membrane of the mitochondria separate the matrix of the mitochondria from the cytosol(inner membrane space.). It is invaginated  folded inwards  to form the critae. This is an adaptive feature to increase the surface area for biochemical reaction in the mitochondria.

The invagination gives two compartments the inner mitochondria also creates the outer intermembrane space and the inner matrix

These are the substances that can pass freely the inner membrane of the mitochondria.Pyruvate and H+ can not pass through.Specifically,it is not preamble to H+ because, hydrogen ions are needed to generate the electrochemical gradients needed for the chemical energy  for phosphorylation of ADP by  P to form ATPs by the enzyme ATPase synthase.If the inner membrane is permeable to H+ the electochemical gradient will not be produced, and therefore ATPs productions stops.

O2 needs to pass through the inner membrane because it it the final electron acceptor. Therefore if not allowed to pass through oxidative phosphorylation  and ETC will nor occur.

CO2 must pass through because its accumulation will increase the acidity of the inner  mitochondria

5 0
3 years ago
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