Answer:
When you add 's to a noun it means that the thing you mentioned before belongs to that person.
In this exercise they want you to mention the stuff belonging to these nouns.
For example :
Martha' s purse.
Joann's book
In general, the most common theme that ran through these eras was a sense of excitement about the future, especially in the world or arts. People were becoming autonomous.
Part A: I believe the answer is D
Part B: I believe the answer is C
Hope this helps you