Beginning in the 6th century BC with the Pythagoreans, with Greek mathematics the Ancient Greeks began a systematic study of mathematics as a subject in its own right. Around 300 BC, Euclid introduced the axiomatic method still used in mathematics today, consisting of definition, axiom, theorem, and proof.
Founding father of Liberalism John Lock based his views off Christianity which where many atheists base thier morality off and Islam bought many advancement in science and mathematics, women's rights, animal and environmental rights.