The Swedish Empire (Swedish: stormaktstiden, "the era of great power") refers to the Kingdom of Sweden's territorial control of much of the Baltic region during the 17th and early 18th centuries, a time when Sweden was one of the great European powers.[1] The beginning of the Empire is usually taken as the reign of Gustavus Adolphus, who ascended the throne in 1611, and the end as the loss of territories in 1721 following the Great Northern War. In Swedish history, the period is referred to as stormaktstiden, literally meaning "the Great Power era".[1]
After the death of Gustavus Adolphus in 1632, the empire was, over lengthy periods, controlled by part of the high nobility, most prominently the Oxenstierna family, acting as tutors for minor regents. The interests of the high nobility contrasted with the uniformity policy (i.e., the upholding of the traditional equality in status of the Swedish estates favoured by the kings and peasantry). In territories acquired during the periods of de facto noble rule, serfdom was not abolished, and there was also a trend to set up respective estates in Sweden proper. The Great Reduction of 1680 put an end to these efforts of the nobility and required them to return estates once gained from the crown to the king. Serfdom, however, remained in force in the dominions acquired in the Holy Roman Empire and in Swedish Estonia, where a consequent application of the uniformity policy was hindered by the treaties by which they were gained.
After the victories in the Thirty Years' War, the climax of the great power era was reached during the Second Northern War, when their primary adversary Denmark was neutralized by the Treaty of Roskilde in 1658. However, in the further course of this war as well as in the subsequent Scanian War, Sweden was able to maintain her empire only with support of her closest ally, France.[2] Charles XI of Sweden consolidated the empire and ensured a period of peace, before Russia, Saxony and Denmark started a concerted attack on his successor, Charles XII. After initial Swedish victories, Charles secured the empire for some time in the Peace of Travendal (1700) and the Treaty of Altranstädt (1706), before the Battle of Poltava (1709) finally brought the great power era of Sweden to an end.
Answer: By 1850, industrialization had brought prosperity to the British middle class.
Explanation:
After 1850, real wages of workers also rose significantly. Queen Victoria, whose reign from 1837 to 1901 was the longest in English history.
Freedom of Slavery as the south slavery plantations were vital to the souths economy and tarrifs
I'll give you some thoughts on the political views of the thinkers named. It's up to you to search for images and write your descriptions.
Aristotle believed there were three valid types of government, depending on the size and scope of what was to be governed or upon local situations. (He studied the constitutions of various governments as part of his work in writing <em />his work, <em>Politics.</em>) As state with a sole ruler ruling rightly is a monarchy. If that form of state is abused, it becomes tyranny. A state with a number of members of the ruling class is an aristocracy -- rule by the excellent ones, noble men suited for governing. If it is corrupted by having a few rule but not of noble character or in a noble way, Aristotle referred to that as an oligarchy (rule by a few). A state in which all worthy men participate in governing Aristotle termed a polity, a constitutional government. He saw it as a corruption, though, to have a full democracy (rule by the people), which would become the sort of thing we call mob rule.
Aquinas picked up thoughts from Aristotle, who had favored a monarchy. Aquinas, writing from a Christian perspective, wrote about the righteous and proper sort of ruler who would serve as God's appointed leader among the people, truly caring for them (not becoming a tyrant).
Friedrich Engels and Karl Marx were partners in establishing communism as a political ideology. Engels and Marx believed that in time, class struggles between overlords and those beneath them would give way to a society in which all ruled and lived and worked collectively.
