Melody - The notes that are strung together to form the foundation for the entire song. It is the main/principal part of the song and can be easily identified as such.
Harmony - The notes that go together with the melody to make it sound better. They have a pleasant working relationship. It goes well with the primary tones.
Texture - Different types of sounds in music. The main types are monophonic, homophonic, and polyphonic.
Style - The way that the melody, harmony, rhythm, texture, and other musical components interact with one another.
A painting technique in which an artist adjusts color hues and reduces the size of objects to make them seem farther away; also called atmospheric perspective