The only two political parties that emerged during Washington's tenure were the Democratic-Republicans and the Federalist. While you have not listed the parties, whichever one is not either of these is the correct answer.
Generally speaking, Andrew Johnson's behavior in office ultimately hurt the cause of the Reconstruction era, since he quickly abandoned many of the more liberal policies that he had trumpeted earlier--leading to a federal abandonment of the oversight process in the South.
The Plessy decision created the idea of being separate but equal. It was the start of segregation on every social service including school, bus stations, restrooms, hotels, sports, cemeteries and even prisons.
The Southerners believe that the slaves were not citizens of the state and that they are not protected by laws. They continued to pass laws that violate and separate the black people. They also became the main enforcers of separate but equal, but in reality was not the real picture.
