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The 1802 Health and Morals of Apprentices Act was the earliest reform act passed by the British government during the Industrial Revolution. The Act set rules regarding the employment and housing of children by factory owners.
Background and detail:
It had been the practice of many factory owners to employ orphans and children from very poor families in their factories, calling them "apprentices." They did not pay the children in wages. They could get by providing only lodging and food for them. The conditions in factories for the children were harsh and awful. Many children got sick and died.
Meanwhile, Robert Owen was pioneering new ideas for working together at the New Lanark, Scotland, cotton mill that he managed. Owen's was one of the pioneers of socialist theory. He strongly favored better working conditions, and influenced Prime Minister Robert Peel to put the Health and Morals of Apprentices Act through Parliament in 1802. The Act put into law the following rules for factories and child labor:
- A maximum 12 hour working day for children
- Mills were required to have sufficient windows for a flow of fresh air
- Regular washing of walls and floors
- Separate bedrooms for boys and girls
- No more than two children per bed
- Children needed to be given instruction in reading, writing and arithmetic
- On Sundays, children were to have at least an hour of Christian teaching provided by a Church of England minister
The founding fathers were influenced by Baron de Montesquieu ideas on the tripartite system, when they elaborated the drafts of the U.S. Vonstitution, basically, regarding the separation of powers.
Baron de Montesquieu(1689-1795) established a division of political presence. He considered a clear division of government bodies: a Legislature, an Executive, and a Judiciary.
The influence of this model is from the Roman Republic Constitution and the British Constitution. With this separation of powers, none of them by themselves could become an absolute power.
That is the case with the U.S. Constitution. James Madison, attracted by Montesquieu principles, prevent the corruption of power establishing the same principle but in the U.S. case, with a legislature(Congress), with a presidency(President), and the judiciary(the Supreme Court).
United States v. Nixon, 418 U.S. 683 (1974), was a landmark United States Supreme Court case that resulted in a unanimous decision against President Richard Nixon, ordering him to deliver tape recordings and other subpoenaed materials to a federal district court.
Answer:
the answer is C
Explanation:because thomas jefferson defeated john adams in the election of 1800