Protective optimism refers to an attitude that children have, which is a tendency to believe that positive traits are generally stable and true for themselves. This often results in children believing themselves to be capable of very complex tasks, such as solving impossible puzzles, remembering long lists of words and controlling their dreams. This optimism in their abilities help children try new things. It also encourages them to believe that they will succeed in these new things they try.
According to my research on different government or political terminology, I can say that based on the information provided within the question in the context of government, Bureaucracy refers to both a body of non-elected government officials and an administrative policy-making group. Usually all referring to the exucutive branch of a Government Structure.
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