Neoclassicism was influenced by the Age of Enlightenment or also called as the Age of Reason. Both movements coincide with each other, they started in the 18th century and continue to reign until the 19th.
Neoclassicism is a recovery of the styles and soul of exemplary relic enlivened straightforwardly from the traditional period, which harmonized and mirrored the advancements in rationality and different territories of the Age of Enlightenment, and was at first a response against the abundances of the former Rococo style.
Compare how? we don't have any details
The Middle Ages is another name for Medieval times.
B. Because the British did not realize that even if they had won the revolutionary war they would still have a resentful and rebellious nation that wished to be free. Patriots would rise no matter what happened, So they ignored convincing the colonists that staying with Great Britain would be the better option. Hope this helps