Non-prokaryotic organisms typically have two life cycle stages: trophozoite and cyst is Protozoa.
<h3>What is Protozoa?</h3>
- Protozoa is a group of single celled, non- prokaryotic organisms.
- These may either be free living or parasitic in nature.
- These are heterotrophs and reproduce asexually by binary fission.
- The Protozoa consists of many unrelated or loosely related organisms.
- They are divided into four major groups: Sarcodina, Flagellates, Ciliates and Sporozoans..
- Some protozoa consist of two phases in their life cycle: proliferative stage (trophozoites) and resting stage (cysts).
- Trophozoites consists of the proliferative stage in which the protozoa divides and reproduces.
- The resting cyst form helps the protozoa to survive harsh environmental conditions like harmful chemicals, extreme temperature and nutrient and water deficiency.
Learn more about protrozoa here:
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Answer:
The body parts are arranged like spokes on a wheel
Explanation:
Bilateral symmetry is when it is as two halves. And the other two options are not types of symmetries.
The right answer is A.) DNA in mitochondria
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Eukaryotic cells, with their many intracellular organelles, have long been considered progeny of prokaryotes that would have become more complex as a result of genetic mutations. But from the 1960s, biologist Lynn Margulis proposed an alternative explanation that was first received coldly by the scientific community. His endosymbiotic theory, proposed in a more formal way in a 1981 book, proposes that eukaryotic cells as we know them today would be the result of a series of symbiotic associations with different prokaryotes.
Mitochondria and chloroplasts also have their own DNA that is not trapped in a nucleus, which is also the case with prokaryotes. However, the proteins encoded by this DNA do not cover all mitochondrial proteins. The prokaryote is thought to have lost some genes to the nucleus of the cell, a process known as "endosymbiotic gene transfer". For this reason, mitochondria and chloroplasts are now host-dependent for the synthesis of most of their components.
<h2>
Vascular and Nonvascular Plants </h2>
Explanation:
Kingdom Plantae on the basis of vasculature is divided into two groups-vascular and non-vascular plants
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- <u>Vascular plants </u>or tracheophytes have a proper tissue-level organization and true shoot and root structures like leaves, stem, flowers, root etc
- The tissue system or vasculature of vascular plants compromises of vascular tissues like tubular vessels – xylem and phloem
- The xylem transports nutrients to various parts of the body from the leaves.
- Phloem conducts water and other nutrients from the roots to various parts of the plant
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- These are flowering plants that include the phanerogams – angiosperms and gymnosperms and bears flowers and fruits like the cedars, pine, clubmosses, lilies, sunflower etc.
- Dicots are with tubular vasculature.
- Non-vascular plants or bryophytes with an absence of proper tissue-level organization and true shoot or root systems
- <u>Nonvascular plants</u> are small. Their transport mechanism is poor due to lack of vascular tissues
- These plants are lack proper shoot or root system.
- It includes mosses, hornworts etc.
- Monocots are plants with scattered tube-like vessels
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