D. (A volcanic) eruption created an island in the sea near Japan.
Explanation:
D is the answer because it is the only answer choice that tells the reader how the island was created. The question asks for a sentence that tells you how the island was created. The other sentences only talk about the length of the island or the distance of the island from other islands in Japan. Therefore D is the answer because it tells you that the island was created by a volcanic eruption.
Increasing trade between European countries and their colonies contributed to the development of "capitalism," since it became far easier for firms and people to profit from sales.
the answer that would most likely fit here would be moving the audience with words. As a writer, I try to have my audience gain a mental image, and actually enjoy my writing!