In this excerpt the author is arguing that we are taught the correct things in school (not fighting with other, working things out with them, respecting them and creatures and cleaning our mess) but when it comes to the environment, to poverty and society; the governments prefer to use its resources on war instead of the well being of the earth and the human beings among them.
I also agree that it is B
The only example of internal conflict among these is Kevin wants to take Katie to a dance, but his best friend Jason has already told Lauren and Ashley that he and Kevin would take them.
The other examples are all external conflicts.
I would say that the answers are C and A.
"Primarily" indicates what the main purpose of the sheet is (which helps maintain high grades) and "Furthermore" adds to the original thought.