Option 2 I know because I had to answer the same question at some point.
C. People began to question the authority of monarchs and emphasized individualism
Montesquieu believed in separation of powers where power checks power and no one should abuse power. Mary Wollstonecraft advocated for women's rights. Voltaire main thought was for tolerance. John Locke believed in natural rights of life, liberty, and property.
The Christian Church had served and provided social services for the people. It was a part of the change for the western countries. It has played a role in culture, politics, and religion. It also gave influence of Christian celebrations such as Christmas and some Christian events. It also helped in establishing schools and preserving philosophies centuries old. It had been a proponent to give deeper value on humanism, morality and family orientation, which is mostly preserved by the Christian Church.
