Answer:
The correct answer will be option-pollen.
Explanation:
The pollen are the male gametophyte which is produced in the seed plants.
The pollen produce male gametes after entering the female gametophyte. The male gametes fuse with the egg cell and form the embryo inside ovary which matures and forms seeds. The vascular seed plants lack these pollen but instead produces male gametes in gametangia which are replaced by the pollen in the seed plants.
Thus, option-pollen is the correct answer.
Leaves get their colors through pigments. Leaves turn green because of chlorophyll but when they turn orange red and yellow it’s the chlorophyll breaking down and mixing with pigments (like carotenoids)
Answer:
1. phytoplankton and other organisms harness sunlight , to create photosynthesis , near hydrothermal vent there is no sunlight
2. Phytoplankton need nutrients to grow, so when there's none at the surface they can't thrive, and there's no surface in hydrothermal vent
3. The ocean's increasing acidity will most likely kill them.
Hope that helps
Explanation:
First of all - ecological interactions in the ecosystem indicates how species interact with each other and species interactions in the system include:
- competition,
- predation,
- camouflage
- mimicry
<span>In ecological competitions:</span>
- intraspecific competitions are an interaction where individual members of the same species compete for the same resources
- interspecific competitions are about which individual members of a different species compete for the same resources.
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Answer:
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) is associated with aberrations in genetic, morphological, biochemical and physiological characteristics. A number of genes located on human chromosome 21 (HSA21) encode proteins which are thought to be involved in numerous metabolic pathways, e.g., phosphofructokinase, cystathionine β-synthase etc. Perturbations of the metabolic pathways may lead to altered drug metabolism in DS individuals. We present a review of metabolic aberrations linked to HSA21 genes in DS. We particularly focus on drug disposition, efficacy, sensitivity and toxicity of anti-leukaemic agents including methotrexate, glucocorticoids, anthracyclines and cytarabine in DS leukaemia. The different outcomes of therapy due to differential drug response, varied drug toxicity and treatment related mortality in DS leukaemia is a subject of much research and speculation. Altered drug response in DS individuals may stem from differences in pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and pharmacogenetics. Further large-cohort studies in different age groups dissecting metabolic and molecular pathways involved in drug response may increase our understanding in this regard and stipulate pharmacotherapies in DS.
