Shading is showing the objects' roundness or shape; shade is the blocking of a light source; and shadow is the variation between black and white with the darkest part at the center and the 'shadow' fades at the edges.
<span><span />c. Rococo
I'm not sure about the other one
</span>
Da Vinci - Renaissance
Blake- Romanticism
Cimabue- Late medieval
Pontormo- Renaissance
... from my memory. Sorry if Pontormo is wrong.
Logically, it would be B
Polka dot patterns are just a simple pattern with rhythm and symmetry