Answer:
Serfs who occupied a plot of land were required to work for the lord of the manor who owned that land. In return they were entitled to protection, justice, and the right to cultivate certain fields within the manor to maintain their own subsistence.
Explanation:
Can you please state the answer options so that I can have a better chance at helping you?
The Geneva Conventions extensively defined the basic rights of wartime prisoners (civilians and military personnel), established protections for the wounded and sick, and established protections for the civilians in and around a war-zone. Explanation:
I won't completely disagree with the other answer given here, but would like to offer broader context and explanation. Yes, during the Scientific Revolution the humanism of the Renaissance did help thinking persons to see that human beings themselves could shape and order many things in the created world. But note that I used the term, "created world," since the scientists of the Scientific Revolution still held onto belief in God and saw God as the one who designed the universe with order in it. Their task as scientists, as they saw it, was to discover how the physical world was ordered and how human beings could use their own knowledge and experimentation to understand and improve conditions in it.
As an example, consider this section from Isaac Newton's writing on <em>Opticks </em>(1704), in which he is seeking to understand how light and vision operate. Notice how God is seen as the one who created order, and the human scientist is striving to understand and work in keeping with that orderly pattern.
<em>All these things being considered, it seems probable to me, that God in the Beginning form’d matter in solid, massy, hard, impenetrable, moveable Particles, of such Sizes and Figures, and with such other Properties, and in such Proportion to Space, as most conduced to the end for which he form’d them; and these primitive Particles being Solids, are incomparably harder than any porous Bodies compounded of them; even so very hard as never to wear or break in pieces: no ordinary Power being able to divide what God himself made one in the first Creation.</em>
Answer:
During the '40s and '50s during Stalin's reign, the two were very similar, as Stalin exerted great influence upon China and Mao Zedong's policy, however after Stalin's death and the market reforms in the Soviet Union, they started to become distant due to Mao Zedong's more hardline policies (leading to the Sino-Soviet split), and after Mao's death In the late '70s with Deng Xiaoping succeeding him and also making more market reforms and converting China to less hardline policies, they started to become alike again until the early '90s when the Soviet Union collapsed and turned into a federal republic, again becoming more distant.
TL;DR
They were close under Stalin and Mao, but distant after Stalin's death, but alike with Deng and his successors and Stalin's successors.
