Here are the correct matches for the rhetorical devices and the given statements:
1. HYPERBOLE: Here once the embattled farmers stood and fired, the shot is heard around the world.
2. METAPHOR: Each fall the new crop of students arrives.
3. OXYMORON: Controlled chaos.
4. EUPHEMISM: I have some bad new, I've been let go.
5. UNDERSTATEMENT: I have to have this operation. It isn't very serious. I have this tiny little tumor on the brain.
6. PARADOX: I am a liar. That is the truth.
Explanation:
Rhetorical devices are words that are used in specific manner to pass across specific messages. There are about 24 different types of rhetorical devices, some of them are given in this question.
Hyperbole: is a rhetorical device that is used to make exaggerated statements in order to pass across message about the magnitude of a thing, but the statements are not meant to be taken literally. For instance in the question given above, there is no way a shot will be fired in one corner of the world and be heard around the whole world, thus, statement 1 is an hyperbole.
Metaphor: refers to a figure of speech that directly compare an object to another object without using words such as 'like' and 'as'. Statement 2 is a metaphor because it compares the new students to crop.
Oxymoron: is a figure of speech that make use of contradictory terms; opposites ideas are joined together to produce specific effect. For instance, statement 3 is an oxymoron. The statement is talking about chaos and control, which are opposite to each other.
Euphemism: is a figure of speech that uses a mild world to replace one that is considered to be too harsh. Statement 4 is an euphemism, instead of the person to say that he has been fired, he said he has been let go.
Understatement: This is a figure of speech that uses words to reduce the importance or magnitude of a thing. Statement 5 is an understatement; a surgery that removes brain tumor is always a big and serious operation and not a little operation as the statement implies.
Paradox: This is a figure of speech that is contradictory in nature, but it is often found to be true. The sixth statement is a paradox; this is because although the words are contradictory in nature, it is talking about the true character of the individual.
