Southern blacks lost rights in the years after the thirteenth fourteenth and fifteenth amendments because the North withdrew many of the troops that had been enforcing these new laws, leaving southerners to pass a series of Jim Crow laws that prohibited blacks from voting, gaining jobs, and a variety of other things in the South.
Answer:
Facing an election just weeks after succeeding to the Presidency.
Explanation:
He faced and won elections in 1949, almost four years after suceeding to the Presidency.
This i do not know sadly but i did some research for you and google says and i quote
"When Virginia declared its secession from the Union in April 1861, Lee chose to follow his home state, despite his desire for the country to remain intact and an offer of a senior Union command. During the first year of the Civil War, Lee served as a senior military adviser to Confederate President Jefferson Davis".
The first one is the answer ;)