Desertification extends beyond the expansion of existing deserts to include land degradation due to human activity in drylands. Land degradation destroys or reduces the productivity of the soil, and is caused by excessive and unsustainable activities such as deforestation, overgrazing, poor land management, soil salinization, and soil erosion.
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Parental Phenotypes: Smooth Green × Smooth Green
Parental Genotypes: SsGg × SsGg
Parental Gametes: SG, sG, Sg, sg
Punnet Square: **In the figure**
11. Smooth/Green = 9
Wrinklen Green = 3
Smooth/Yellow = 3
Wrinkled Yellow = 1
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Its either dead material or organisms that eat producers
Mechanical is. the digestion that occurs