Answer:
A frameshift changes every codon past it. A base substitution only changes one codon.
Explanation:
DNA is comprised of nucleotides (A, C, T, G) that make up amino acids. Every three bases is called a codon and represents an amino acid.
In a frameshift mutation, a nucleotide is either added or deleted from the sequence. This offsets the entire sequence after it because the reading frame shifts. Here's an example:
ACTGCTATCGTCATC
If another T is added in between the first and second codons, then every codon after will be changed.
ACT>T<GCTATCGTCATC
A substitution mutation is usually less severe, as it only alters one codon in the sequence. These occur when one nucleotide is replaced by another one. Here's an example:
ACTGCTATCGTCATC
Let's say the first G is replaced by a T.
ACT>T<CTATCGTCATC
As you can see, none of the other codons changed.
Typically, a frameshift mutation is considered worse than a substitution mutation.
PH Level, and food source such as sugar.
The extinct ancient human Homo erectus is a species of firsts. It was the first of our relatives to have human-like body proportions, with shorter arms and longer legs relative to its torso.
<h3>What are Homo erectus?</h3>
Homo erectus, an extinct species of Pleistocene archaic human, first appeared about 2 million years ago. Several human species, including H. heidelbergensis and H. antecessor, seem to have diverged from H. erectus, with the former being largely accepted as the ancestor of Neanderthals, Denisovans, and modern humans. Among the first recognizable representatives of the genus Homo are its specimens. The first known ancestor of modern humans, H. erectus, had a continental range that stretched from the Iberian Peninsula to Java. H. floresiensis and possibly H. luzonensis may have its origins in Asian populations of Homo erectus. H. erectus soloensis, from Java, dates to a time period between 117,000 and 108,000 years ago.
To learn more about Homo erectus from the given link:
brainly.com/question/13542251
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Answer:
Nitrate
Nitrate is the form of nitrogen most used by plants for growth and development. Nitrate is the form that can most easily be lost to groundwater. Ammonium taken in by plants is used directly in proteins. This form is not lost as easily from the soil.
Explanation:
